The notion of determinism conflates two angles: one ideational, one interpersonal.
Ideationally, determinism can be seen to involve the logical relation of cause; interpersonally, it can be seen to involve modality.
For propositions about cause, the congruent modality is modalisation: usuality and probability.
Statements of cause and effect are concerned with usuality and probability, as demonstrated by quantum physics and non-linear systems.
Interpretations of determinism couched in terms of obligation (eg necessity) are therefore incongruent.
