Conjunctive Adjuncts

	Type	Meaning	Examples
I elaborating	appositive	‘i.e., e.g.’	that is, in other words, for instance
	corrective	‘rather’	or rather, at least, to be precise
	dismissive	‘in any case’	in any case, anyway, leaving that aside
	summative	‘in short’	briefly, to sum up, in conclusion
	verificative	‘actually’	actually, in fact, as a matter of fact
II extending	additive	‘and’	also, moreover, in addition, besides
	adversative	‘but’	on the other hand, however, conversely
	variative	‘instead’	instead, alternatively
III enhancing	temporal	‘then’	meanwhile, before that, later on, next, soon, finally
	comparative	‘likewise’	likewise, in the same way
	causal	‘so’	therefore, for this reason, as a result, with this in mind
	conditional	‘(if…) then’	in that case, under the circumstances, otherwise
	concessive	‘yet’	nevertheless, despite that
	respective	‘as to that’	in this respect, as far as that’s concerned

(Halliday & Matthiessen 2004: 82)

Expansion Type	Sub-Types			Items
elaboration	apposition	expository		in other words, that is (to say), I mean (to say), to put it another way
		exemplifying		for example, for instance, thus, to illustrate
	clarification	corrective		or rather, at least, to be more precise
		distractive		by the way, incidentally
		dismissive		in any case, anyway, leaving that aside
		particularising		in particular, more especially
		resumptive		as I was saying, to resume, to get back to the point
		summative		in short, to sum up, in conclusion, briefly
		verificative		actually, as a matter of fact, in fact
extension	addition	positive		and, also, moreover, in addition
		negative		nor
		adversative		but, yet, on the other hand, however
	variation	replacive		on the contrary, instead
		subtractive		apart from that, except for that
		alternative		alternatively
enhancement	temporal	simple	following	then, next, afterwards [including correlatives first…then]
			simultaneous	just then, at the same time
			preceding	before that, hitherto, previously
			conclusive	in the end, finally
		complex	immediate	at once, thereupon, straightaway
			interrupted	soon, after a while
			repetitive	next time, on another occasion
			specific	next day, an hour later, that morning
			durative	meanwhile, all that time
			terminal	until then, up to that point
			punctiliar	at this moment
		simple internal	following	next, secondly (‘my next point is’) [including correlatives first…next]
			simultaneous	at this point, here, now
			preceding	hitherto, up to now
			conclusive	lastly, last of all, finally
	manner	comparison	positive	likewise, similarly
			negative	in a different way, contrariwise
		means		thus, thereby, by such means
	causal-conditional	general		so, then, therefore, consequently, hence, because of that, for
		specific	result	in consequence, as a result
			reason	on account of this, for that reason
			purpose	for that purpose, with this in view
			conditional: positive	then, in that case, in that event, under the circumstances
			conditional: negative	otherwise, if not
			concessive	yet, still, though, despite this, however, even so, all the same, nevertheless
	matter	positive		here, there, as to that, in that respect
		negative		in other respects, elsewhere

(Halliday & Matthiessen 2004: 542-3)